Ho Utloisisa Conductivity: Tlhaloso le Bohlokoa

Selelekela

Conductivity e na le karolo ea bohlokoa likarolong tse fapaneng tsa bophelo ba rona, ho tloha ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tseo re li sebelisang letsatsi le letsatsi ho isa kabong ea motlakase ka har'a marang-rang a matla. Ho utloisisa conductivity ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho utloisisa boitšoaro ba thepa le bokhoni ba tsona ba ho fetisa motlakase. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahlobisisa tlhaloso ea conductivity, re hlahlobe bohlokoa ba eona, 'me re hlahlobe ts'ebeliso ea eona likarolong tse fapaneng.

Conductivity ke eng?

Conductivity ke tekanyo ea bokhoni ba thepa ho tsamaisa motlakase. Ke thepa ea ntho e etsang qeto ea hore na motlakase o ka feta habonolo hakae ho eona. Conductivity ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ea lisebelisoa tse ngata 'me e sebelisoa haholo likarolong tse fapaneng tsa saense le boenjiniere.

Ka kakaretso, litšepe ke li-conductor tse ntle tsa motlakase hobane li na le palo e phahameng ea li-electrone tse sa lefelloeng tse ka tsamaeang ka thepa. Ke ka lebaka lena koporo le aluminium li atisang ho sebelisoa lithapong tsa motlakase le lits'ebetsong tse ling tsa motlakase. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lisebelisoa tse kang rabara le likhalase ke li-conductors tse fokolang tsa motlakase hobane ha li na li-electrone tse ngata tsa mahala.

The conductivity ea thepa e ka lekanyetsoa ho latela matla a eona a ho hanyetsa motlakase. Ho hanyetsa motlakase ke khanyetso ea ho phalla ha motlakase ka thepa. Ho fokotseha ha khanyetso, ho phahamisa conductivity. Conductivity hangata e lekanyetsoa ka Siemens ka mithara (S/m) kapa millisiemens per centimeter (ms/cm).

Ntle le ts'ebeliso ea eona lits'ebetsong tsa motlakase, conductivity e boetse e bohlokoa mafapheng a mang a kang k'hemistri, biology le saense ea tikoloho. Ka mohlala, conductivity ea metsi e ka sebelisoa ho fumana hore na letsoai le qhibilihile hakae le lintho tse ling ka metsing. Lintlha tsena li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho utloisisa boleng ba metsi le ho beha leihlo maemo a tikoloho.

Ho na le lintlha tse ngata tse ka amang conductivity, ho kenyelletsa mocheso, khatello, le boteng ba litšila kapa lintho tse ling tse ka har'a thepa. Maemong a mang, conductivity e ka ntlafatsoa kapa ea laoloa ka ho kenyelletsa lintho tse itseng ho thepa. Sena se tsejoa e le doping 'me hangata se sebelisoa indastering ea semiconductor ho etsa lisebelisoa tse nang le thepa e khethehileng ea motlakase.

Conductivity ke thepa ea bohlokoa ea lisebelisoa tse ngata mme e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa mefuteng e mengata ea ts'ebeliso ea mahlale le boenjiniere. Tekanyo le taolo ea eona li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho utloisisa le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea litsamaiso le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng.

Li-conductivity le li-Conductors tsa Motlakase

Conductivity ke tekanyo ea bokhoni ba thepa ho tsamaisa motlakase. Ke thepa ea bohlokoa mafapheng a mangata, ho kenyeletsoa boenjiniere ba motlakase, mahlale a thepa le fisiks. Li-conductors ke lisebelisoa tse nang le conductivity e phahameng, e bolelang hore li lumella motlakase oa motlakase hore o phalle habonolo ho tsona.

Boenjiniere ba motlakase, conductivity ke parameter ea bohlokoa moralong oa lipotoloho tsa motlakase. Lisebelisoa tse nang le conductivity e phahameng li sebelisoa e le li-conductors tsa motlakase, ha thepa e nang le conductivity e tlaase e sebelisoa e le li-insulators. Li-conductors tsa motlakase tse tloaelehileng ke litšepe tse kang koporo le aluminium, tse nang le conductivity e phahameng ka lebaka la li-electrone tsa tsona tse sa lefelloeng.

Lisebelisoa tse nang le conductivity e tlaase, tse kang polasetiki le li-ceramics, li sebelisoa e le li-insulator ho thibela motlakase ho phalla ho tsona. Li-insulators li sebelisoa mefuteng e fapaneng ea ts'ebeliso, ho kenyelletsa le likhoele tsa motlakase, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le likhoele tsa phepelo ea motlakase.

Ho mahlale a thepa, conductivity ke thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tse ncha. Bafuputsi ba lula ba batla lisebelisoa tse nang le conductivity e phahameng bakeng sa ho sebelisoa mefuteng e sa tšoaneng ea lisebelisoa, ho kenyelletsa le ho boloka matla le ho fetola, lisebelisoa tsa elektronike le li-sensor.

E 'ngoe ea lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse amang conductivity ke mocheso. Ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha, conductivity ea lisebelisoa tse ngata e fokotseha. Sena se bakoa ke ho eketseha ha ho sisinyeha ha mocheso oa liathomo linthong tse bonahalang, e leng se etsang hore ho be thata hore lielektrone li tsamaee ka thepa.

Ntho e 'ngoe e amang conductivity ke ho ba teng ha litšila linthong tse bonahalang. Litšila li ka sitisa ho phalla ha li-electrone ka thepa, ho fokotsa conductivity ea eona.

Likarolo tsa Tekanyo ea Boithuto

Likarolo tsa tekanyo ea conductivity ke karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong efe kapa efe ea indasteri e kenyelletsang ts'ebeliso ea lino. Conductivity ke tekanyo ea bokhoni ba mokelikeli ho tsamaisa motlakase, 'me ke parameter ea bohlokoa ho khetholla boleng le bohloeki ba mokelikeli. Tekanyo ea conductivity e etsoa ho sebelisoa lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tse tsejoang e le li-conductivity metres, tse etselitsoeng ho lekanya motlakase oa mokelikeli.

Li-unit tse sebelisetsoang ho lekanya conductivity hangata li hlahisoa ho Siemens ka mithara (S/m) kapa micro Siemens per centimeter (μS/cm). Li-unit tsena li sebelisetsoa ho hlalosa mokhoa oa motlakase oa mokelikeli, e leng tekanyo ea tekanyo ea tefiso ea motlakase e ka tsamaisoang ke mokelikeli. Ha motlakase oa motlakase o phahame, matla a oona a ho tsamaisa motlakase a matlafala.

Ho phaella ho li-unit tse tloaelehileng tsa tekanyo, likarolo tse ling li sebelisetsoa ho hlalosa conductivity. Tsena li kenyelletsa li-millisiemens ka centimeter (mS/cm), e lekanang le 1000 μS/cm, le liqeto ka mithara (dS/m), e lekanang le 10 S/m. Liyuniti tsena li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse ikhethileng moo likarolo tse tloaelehileng li kanna tsa se tšoanelehe.

Khetho ea likarolo tsa tekanyo ea conductivity e itšetlehile ka kopo e khethehileng le boemo bo lakatsehang ba ho nepahala. Ka mohlala, micro Siemens ka centimeter e atisa ho sebelisoa limela tsa ho hloekisa metsi, ha Siemens ka mitha e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri tse hlokang maemo a phahameng a ho nepahala. Khetho ea li-unit e boetse e ipapisitse le mofuta oa mokelikeli o lekantsoeng, kaha lino tse fapaneng li na le maemo a fapaneng a conductivity ea motlakase.

Likarolo tsa tekanyo ea conductivity ke karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong efe kapa efe ea indasteri e kenyelletsang maro. Khetho ea lihlopha e itšetlehile ka kopo e khethehileng le boemo bo lakatsehang ba ho nepahala.Limithara tsa conductivityli etselitsoe ho lekanya conductivity ea motlakase ea metsi, 'me likarolo tse sebelisoang ho hlahisa conductivity li kenyelletsa Siemens ka mithara, micro Siemens per centimeter, millisiemens per centimeter, le liqeto ka mithara.

Lisebelisoa tsa Conductivity

Conductivity, bokhoni ba thepa ea ho tsamaisa motlakase, e na le mefuta e mengata ea likopo likarolong tse sa tšoaneng. Mona ke tse ling tsa lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa conductivity:

Motlakase Wiring: Conductivity ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa tsamaiso ea likhoele tsa motlakase. Litšepe tse kang koporo le aluminium, tse tsejoang ka boleng ba tsona bo phahameng, hangata li sebelisoa mehala ea motlakase ho fetisetsa motlakase ho tloha mehloling ea matla ho ea ho lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng.

Electronics: Ts'ebetso e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Lisebelisoa tse tsamaisang, joalo ka litšepe le li-semiconductors, li sebelisoa ha ho etsoa likaroloana tse kang li-circuits tse kopaneng, li-transistors le lihokelo.

Phetiso ea Motlakase: Lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa motlakase li sebelisoa bakeng sa lithapo tsa phetiso ea motlakase ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea matla. Aluminium le li-conductor tsa koporo li sebelisoa lithapong tsa motlakase tse holimo le lithapong tsa ka tlas'a lefatše ho fetisa motlakase hantle libakeng tse telele.

Lits'ebetso tsa ho futhumatsa le ho futhumatsa: Lisebelisoa tse tsamaisang li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa ho futhumatsa le ho futhumatsa. Lintho tse futhumatsang motlakase, tse kang tse fumanoang litofong tsa motlakase, li itšetlehile ka thepa e nang le motlakase o phahameng oa motlakase ho hlahisa mocheso hantle. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, licheso tsa mocheso lisebelisoa tsa elektronike li entsoe ka thepa e nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso ho senya mocheso ka katleho.

Electrochemistry: Ts'ebetsong ea electrochemical, conductivity e bohlokoa bakeng sa li-electrolyte. Litharollo tsa Electrolytic, tse nang le li-ion tse tsamaisang phallo ea motlakase, li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse kang electroplating, libeteri, lisele tsa mafura le electrolysis bakeng sa merero e fapaneng ea indasteri le ea mahlale.

Li-sensor le li-Detectors: Conductivity e sebelisoa ho li-sensor le li-detectors bakeng sa ho lekanya thepa ea motlakase. Mohlala, li-sensor tsa conductivity li sebelisoa ho lekola bohloeki ba metsi litsing tsa ho hloekisa metsi le ho bona liphetoho tsa conductivity tse ka bonts'ang litšila kapa tšilafalo.

Likopo tsa Bongaka: Lefapheng la bongaka, conductivity e fumana lits'ebetso libakeng tse joalo ka litekanyo tsa bioelectric le mekhoa ea litšoantšo tsa bongaka. Mohlala, electrocardiography (ECG), e lekanya tšebetso ea motlakase ea pelo ho hlahloba le ho hlokomela maemo a pelo.

Lisebelisoa tse Kopanetsoeng: Li-additives tsa conductive li sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa tse kopaneng ho fana ka conductivity ea motlakase. Lisebelisoa tsena li fumana lits'ebetso liindastering tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa sefofane, likoloi le tsa kaho, moo conductivity e hlokahalang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse joalo ka tšireletso ea motlakase, dissipation e sa fetoheng, le lisebelisoa tsa ho futhumatsa.

Tlhokomelo ea Tikoloho: Conductivity e sebelisoa litsamaisong tsa ho lekola tikoloho ho lekola boleng ba metsi le letsoai. Limithara tsa conductivity li sebelisetsoa ho lekanya motlakase oa motlakase oa metsi, ho fana ka tlhahisoleseding ea bohlokoa mabapi le sebopeho sa eona le litšila tse ka bang teng.

Ena ke mehlala e 'maloa feela ea hore na conductivity e sebelisoa joang mafapheng a fapaneng. Thepa e ikhethang ea motlakase ea thepa ea conductive e etsa hore ho be le tsoelo-pele e fapaneng ea theknoloji le lits'ebetso tse ncha ho liindasteri tse ngata.

FAQs

Q1: Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa conductivity le resistivity?

Conductivity e lekanya bokhoni ba thepa ho tsamaisa motlakase, ha resistivity e lekanya khanyetso ea eona ho phallo ea hona joale.

Q2: Ke hobane'ng ha tšepe e na le conductivity e phahameng?

Litšepe li na le conductivity e phahameng ka lebaka la bongata ba li-electrone tse sa lefelloeng tse ka tsamaeang habonolo ka thepa.

Q3: Na conductivity e ka fetoloa?

E, conductivity e ka fetoloa ke lintlha tse kang mocheso, litšila, le sebopeho sa kristale sa thepa.

Q4: Ke li-insulator life tse tloaelehileng tse nang le conductivity e tlase?

Rabara, polasetiki le likhalase ke mehlala ea lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa insulating tse nang le conductivity e tlase.

Q5: Conductivity e lekantsoe joang ka metsing?

Conductivity ka metsing e lekanyetsoa ho sebelisa meter conductivity, e leng se khethollang bokhoni ba metsi ho tsamaisa motlakase oa motlakase.